Flutter — Dart

Standar pengembangan aplikasi cross-platform menggunakan Flutter dan Dart.

Tech Stack

Kategori	Package	Versi Min.
Language	Dart	3.13+
Framework	Flutter	3.47+
State Management	Bloc / Riverpod	Latest
Navigation	GoRouter	Latest
DI	GetIt + Injectable	Latest
Networking	Dio	5.x
Serialization	json_serializable + freezed	Latest
Image Loading	cached_network_image	Latest
Local DB	Drift (disarankan) / ObjectBox	Latest
Testing	flutter_test, mockito, bloc_test	—
Linting	flutter_lints / very_good_analysis	Latest
CI/CD	Fastlane + GitLab CI	—

Hive dan Isar sudah stalled

Hive dan Isar sudah tidak aktif dikembangkan oleh maintainer aslinya — jangan pakai keduanya untuk project baru. Gunakan Drift (SQL, type-safe, aktif dimaintain, jalan di semua platform termasuk web) sebagai default, atau ObjectBox kalau butuh NoSQL object store dengan built-in sync engine. Project lama yang masih pakai Hive/Isar boleh lanjut jalan, tapi rencanakan migrasi.

Project Structure

lib/
├── main.dart                      # Entry point
├── app/
│   ├── app.dart                   # MaterialApp / router setup
│   └── di/                        # Dependency injection setup
├── core/
│   ├── constants/
│   ├── extensions/
│   ├── theme/                     # AppTheme, colors, typography
│   ├── utils/
│   └── network/                   # Dio client, interceptors
├── data/
│   ├── datasources/
│   │   ├── remote/                # API data sources
│   │   └── local/                 # Local data sources
│   ├── models/                    # DTOs (with json_serializable)
│   └── repositories/              # Repository implementations
├── domain/
│   ├── entities/                  # Domain entities (with freezed)
│   ├── repositories/              # Repository interfaces
│   └── usecases/                  # Use cases
├── presentation/
│   ├── screens/                   # Per-screen folders
│   │   ├── home/
│   │   │   ├── home_screen.dart
│   │   │   ├── home_cubit.dart    # or home_bloc.dart
│   │   │   └── widgets/           # Screen-specific widgets
│   │   └── profile/
│   └── widgets/                   # Shared reusable widgets
└── l10n/                          # Localization
test/
├── unit/
├── widget/
└── integration/

Coding Standards

Dart Style Guide

• Ikuti Effective Dart.
• Gunakan very_good_analysis atau custom analysis_options.yaml.
• Maksimum line length: 80 karakter (Dart default).

Bloc Pattern

// ✅ Good - Cubit/Bloc dengan state class terpisah
class UserCubit extends Cubit<UserState> {
  final GetUserUseCase _getUserUseCase;

  UserCubit(this._getUserUseCase) : super(const UserState.initial());

  Future<void> loadUser(String id) async {
    emit(const UserState.loading());
    try {
      final user = await _getUserUseCase(id);
      emit(UserState.success(user));
    } catch (e) {
      emit(UserState.error(e.toString()));
    }
  }
}

@freezed
sealed class UserState with _$UserState {
  const factory UserState.initial() = _Initial;
  const factory UserState.loading() = _Loading;
  const factory UserState.success(User user) = _Success;
  const factory UserState.error(String message) = _Error;
}

Widget Best Practices

// ✅ Good - Stateless, parameter driven
class UserCard extends StatelessWidget {
  const UserCard({
    super.key,
    required this.user,
    required this.onTap,
  });

  final UserEntity user;
  final VoidCallback onTap;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return GestureDetector(
      onTap: onTap,
      child: Card(
        child: ListTile(
          title: Text(user.name),
          subtitle: Text(user.email),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

Build & Run

# Run development
flutter run

# Run tests
flutter test

# Analyze code
flutter analyze

# Build APK
flutter build apk --release

# Build iOS
flutter build ios --release

# Code generation (freezed, json_serializable)
dart run build_runner build --delete-conflicting-outputs

Code Generation

Setiap perubahan pada model freezed atau json_serializable wajib diikuti dengan build_runner build sebelum commit.